Trumpets, Cornets and Flugelhorns

Trumpets, cornets and flugelhorns use valves and similar fingering, but their different construction changes the character of their tone and their role in an ensemble. A trumpet projects with a brighter sound, a cornet has a more compact body and softer attack, while a flugelhorn sounds broader and darker. You should therefore begin your selection with the musical setting: school, wind band, jazz ensemble or orchestra.

The most common tuning and construction

A Bb trumpet is a common choice for you as a student. C trumpets and piccolo models are intended for specific repertoire, so do not buy one as a substitute without consulting your teacher. Check the valves for smooth operation and airtightness, as well as the availability of replacement felts and springs.

The mouthpiece changes resistance and attack

A mouthpiece that is too large or deep can tire you quickly as a beginner, while one that is very small will restrict your tone. Cornet and trumpet mouthpieces may not have the same shank. If you are interested in an instrument with a slide instead of valves, have a look at trombones.

Finish, case and maintenance

Lacquered and silver-plated instruments require different surface cleaning, but you need to rinse the inside regularly and lubricate the valves with suitable oil. Before carrying the instrument, drain the water, store the mouthpiece separately and check that the case does not press against the valves.

You hold a cornet closer to your body

The more tightly coiled tubing shifts the centre of gravity and may suit smaller hands, but the instrument still requires proper breathing and a stable embouchure. A flugelhorn has a wider bore and requires controlled airflow to produce a mellow tone. Consult your teacher when switching between instruments because the same fingering does not mean the same feel.

Testing the valves reveals basic problems

Press each valve separately and in combination, and listen for scraping or a slow return. The valves belong in the correct casings and orientation; do not mix them up after removing them. The tuning slides should move without force and the water keys should seal when closed.

Choose the instrument according to the ensemble and tuning, then compare mouthpiece resistance and valve ergonomics.